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2018/8/3 08:45

徐直军致敬探索者:华为致力于确保5G技术更快更好为社会创造价值

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C114讯 北京时间8月3日消息(蒋均牧)7月26日,华为在深圳总部举行颁奖典礼,向5G极化码(Polar码)的发现者土耳其毕尔肯大学尔达尔·阿里坎(Erdal Arikan)教授颁发特别奖项。百余名标准与基础研究领域的华为科学家和工程师也获得了表彰。

华为轮值董事长徐直军(Eric Xu)在活动上表示:“我们清楚地意识到标准的诞生只是新旅程的开始。我们将继续努力,确保包括极化码在内的5G技术更快、更好地为社会创造价值。”

Light Reading刊登了其致辞全文:

阿里坎教授,

女士们先生们,

今天能和你们相聚此地,我感到非常荣幸。

请同我一起向阿里坎教授和他的科学探险家同伴们致以敬意。

在某种程度上,我认为今天的活动邀请函已于2008年7月24日发送给我们,那天我们第一次看到阿里坎教授关于极化码的论文。

众所周知,3GPP于2018年6月14日11:18正式冻结了5G New Radio的独立(组网)规范。这标志着5G Release 15标准的正式发布。非独立(组网)的NR规格于去年12月发布。目前,所有功能标准化工作的第一阶段已经完成。去年12月,极化码被确认为5G标准的基本要素。

世界上第一个符合3GPP标准、支持极化码的5G系统,于2018年2月22日在世界移动大会上发布。它由华为和沃达丰联合开发。

阿里坎教授关于极化码的论文发布和Release 15标准的完成之间已经过去了大约10年。我们今天看到的只是冰山一角。在水面以下,有着数十年不间断的研究和探索。

1948年,克劳德·香农(Claude Shannon)发表了论文《通信的数学理论》,它成为信息理论的基础。在论文中,他指出了在给定带宽上以一定质量可靠地传输信息的最大速率。这被称为香农极限。他还提出,信道编码技术提供了达到该限制的手段。因此,信道编码技术已经成为通信领域皇冠上的宝石,众多科学家不知疲倦地致力于开发和发展这项技术。

维特比解码算法于1967年被发明。它代表了第一代信道编码技术的巅峰之作。该算法使解码更简单,并在解码过程中提供了更好的性能。它使卷积码广泛用于信息和通信行业。该算法于1988年用于2G GSM网络,并用于随后的3G网络。

在1991年的一次工程实验中,法国教授克劳德·贝鲁(Claude Berrou)发现了turbo码,这是第一个使该行业接近香农极限的编码方案。这为第二代信道编码技术打开了大门。1999年,3GPP采用turbo码作为3G UMTS系统的信道编码。它也被用于4G LTE系统。

基于turbo码原则,计算机科学界对1962年由罗伯特·加拉格尔(Robert Gallager)教授(阿里坎教授的导师)发现的LDPC码有了新的理解。基于这种新的理解,人们意识到,凭借现代计算能力,LDPC码也可以让我们接近香农极限。在随后的几十年中,LDPC码已广泛应用于存储和广播领域。

2008年,阿里坎教授发表了关于极化码的论文。极化码成为唯一理论证明可以达到香农极限的编码方案。它们开创了第三代信道编码技术。LDPC和极化码都被采用为5G标准。

众所周知,从理论转向实际应用是一个充满无数工程障碍的过程。三代信道编码技术中的每一代都需要10到20年才能从学术发现发展到行业标准。

华为自2009年开始研究5G。这也是阿里坎教授在《IEEE信息论汇刊》中发表关于极化码的官方论文的一年。5G是华为通过完整的端到端流程开发的第一款产品,从概念到研究、标准和商业应用。这种经验非常宝贵,过去十年我们在5G的工作中可以吸取很多教训。

在此,我要感谢李英涛(Li Yingtao)在这次旅程中的出色领导。没有他,我们就不会成为今天的我们。我还要感谢我们的5G项目经理童文(Wen Tong)博士。在过去10年里,他在世界各地旅行了数百万公里来完成工作。由于他的工作,我们实现了5G的目标:实现技术突破并帮助制定统一的全球标准。

请允许我再次向阿里坎教授、李英涛先生和童文博士表示衷心的感谢。还有阿里坎教授在学术界的同行、科学家同伴以及所有为5G作出贡献的华为专家。

展望未来,我们清楚地意识到标准的诞生只是新旅程的开始。我们将继续努力,确保包括极化码在内的5G技术更快、更好地为社会创造价值。与此同时,我们衷心希望企业与学术界的紧密合作,像是华为与阿里坎教授之间的紧密合作,可以继续发扬光大,为ICT产业和人类社会的发展创造更多的奇迹。

谢谢!

——华为轮值董事长徐直军

Professor Arikan,

Ladies and gentlemen,

It's my great honor to be with you here today.

Please join me as we pay tribute to Professor Arikan and his fellow scientific explorers.

In a way, I think the invitation to today's event was sent to us back on July 24, 2008, the day when we first saw Professor Arikan's paper on polar codes.

As we all know, 3GPP officially froze the standalone specifications for 5G New Radio at 11:18 on June 14, 2018. This marked the official release of 5G Release 15 standards. The non-standalone NR specifications were released in December of last year. At present, the first phase of standardization work for all features has been completed. Polar code was confirmed last December as a basic element of 5G standards.

The world's first 3GPP-compliant, polar code supported 5G system was launched at Mobile World Congress on February 22, 2018. It was jointly developed by Huawei and Vodafone.

About 10 years have passed between the release of Professor Arikan's paper on polar codes and the completion of Release 15 standards. What we see today is just the tip of the iceberg. Below the waterline, there is decades of nonstop research and exploration.

In 1948, Claude Shannon published the paper: A Mathematical Theory of Communication, which became the foundation of information theory. In the paper, he pointed out the maximum rate at which information can be reliably transmitted over a given bandwidth with certain quality. This is known as Shannon's limit. He also proposed that channel coding technology provides the means to reach that limit. As a result, channel coding technology has become the crown jewel of the communications sector, and numerous scientists have worked tirelessly to develop and evolve this technology.

The Viterbi decoding algorithm was invented in 1967. It represents the pinnacle of the first generation of channel coding technology. This algorithm made decoding simpler, and provided a greater performance in the decoding process. It enabled the widespread use of convolutional codes in the information and communications industry. The algorithm was adopted for 2G GSM networks in 1988, and for subsequent 3G networks.

In an engineering experiment in 1991, French professor Claude Berrou discovered the turbo code, which was the first coding scheme to bring the industry close to the Shannon's limit. This opened the door to the second generation of channel coding technology. In 1999, turbo code was adopted by 3GPP as the channel code for 3G UMTS systems. It has also been used in 4G LTE systems.

Building on turbo code principles, the computer science community gained a new understanding of LDPC code, which had been discovered by Professor Robert Gallager – Professor Arikan's mentor – back in 1962. Based on this new understanding, people realized that, with modern computing power, LDPC code could also bring us close to Shannon's limit. In the decades that followed, LDPC code has been widely adopted in storage and broadcast domains.

In 2008, Professor Arikan published his paper on polar codes. Polar codes became the only theoretically proved coding scheme that could reach Shannon's limit. They ushered in the third generation of channel coding technology. Both LDPC and polar code have since been adopted as 5G standards.

As we know, moving from theory to practical application is a process rife with countless engineering hurdles. It took 10 to 20 years for each of the three generations of channel coding technology to evolve from academic discovery to industry standard.

Huawei began researching 5G back in 2009. This was also the year that Professor Arikan published his official paper on polar code in IEEE's Transactions on Information Theory. 5G is the first product that Huawei has developed through a complete end-to-end process, from concept to research, standards, and commercial application. This experience has been invaluable, and there are a lot of lessons we can draw on from our work on 5G over the past decade.

Here, I would like to thank Li Yingtao for his outstanding leadership throughout this journey. Without him, we wouldn't be where we are today. I also want to thank Dr. Wen Tong, our 5G project manager. Over the past 10 years, he has travelled millions of kilometers around the world to get the job done. Thanks to his work, we have achieved our goals for 5G: making technical breakthroughs and helping to set a single global standard.

Again, please allow me to express my sincere gratitude to Professor Arikan, Mr. Ling Yingtao, and Dr. Wen Tong. Also to Professor Arikan's peers in academia, fellow scientists, and all of the Huawei experts who have contributed to 5G.

Moving forward, we are well aware that the birth of 5G standards is only the beginning of a new journey. We will continue to work hard to ensure that 5G technologies – including polar code – creates greater value for society, and sooner. At the same time, we hope that the close collaboration between companies and the academia, like the one between Huawei and Professor Arikan, will continue, and give rise to more scientific marvels that drive the development of the ICT industry and society as a whole.

Thank you!

— Eric Xu, Rotating Chairman, Huawei

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